Waist Circumference of the Elderly over 65 Years Old in China Increased Gradually from 1993 to 2015: A Cohort Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends and characteristics associated with waist circumference (WC) among elderly Chinese people.@*Methods@#We used data from 3,096 adults ≥ 65 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), an ongoing cohort study, between 1993 and 2015. We used longitudinal quantile regression models to explore the temporal trends and characteristics associated with WC.@*Results@#WC increased gradually among the elderly Chinese population during the survey. The WC curves shifted to the right with wider distributions and lower peaks in men and women. All WC percentile curves shifted upward with similar growth rates in the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles. The WC means increased from 78 cm to 86 cm during the 22 years of our study. WC significantly increased with age and body mass index and decreased with physical activity (PA). These associations were stronger in the higher percentiles than in the lower percentiles.@*Conclusions@#WC is rising among Chinese adults ≥ 65 years. Factors affecting WC in elderly people may have different effects on different percentiles of the WC distribution, and PA was the most important protective factor in the higher percentiles of the WC distribution. Thus, different interventional strategies are needed.

Efficacy observation on acupoint catgut embedding therapy combined medication for treatment of chronic urticaria induced by Helicobacter pylori infection / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy of acupoint catgut embedding therapy combined medication on chronic urticaria induced by Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-two cases were randomly divided into 3 groups, named a medication group (group A, 31 cases), an acupoint catgut embedding group (group B, 30 cases) and a medication combined acupoint catgut embedding group (group C, 31 cases). In group A, the medication was administered orally for antihistamine and anti-HP infection. In group B, catgut embedding was applied on Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10), Zusanli (ST 36), etc. In group C, acupoint catgut embedding therapy was applied in combination with medication (medication as group A, acupoint catgut embedding as group B). After 3-month treatment, the efficacy, recurrence rate and HP negative rate were compared among 3 groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Separately, the effective rates of group A, B, C were 61.3% (19/31), 53.3% (16/30) and 90.3% (28/31); the recurrence rates were 27.3% (3/11), 33.3% (3/9) and 5.9% (1/17); and HP negative rates were 31.3% (10/31), 26.7% (9/30) and 77.4% (24/31). The clinical efficacy and HP negative rate in group C were superior to those in group A and B (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupoint catgut embedding therapy combined medication is significant in efficacy and low in recurrence rate in treatment of chronic urticaria caused by HP infection.</p>

Effects of different doses of hydrocortisone on the disorder of coagulation in rats at early stage of septic shock / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different doses of hydrocortisone (HC) on the disorder of coagulation in rats at early stage of septic shock.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of early septic shock accompanied by the disorder of coagulation in rats was set up by bolus injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 25 mg/kg through right femoral vein. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: normal control (LPS and HC were substituted by same volume of normal saline solution), shock group (HC was substituted by same volume of normal saline), high-dose HC (HD group, HC 100 mg/kg), medium-dose HC (MD group, HC 50 mg/kg) and low-dose HC (LD group, HC 5 mg/kg). Four hours after the HC treatment, the blood specimens were collected for the count of blood platelet (PLT), the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII), the content of D-dimer and von Willebrand factor (vWF).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The count of PLT (x 10(9)/L) and the activities of ATIII (%) in shock group (586.00 +/- 71.179 and 50.600 +/- 19.248) were significantly lower than that in normal control group (1012.600 +/- 20.852 and 89.200 +/- 12.109), and the level of D-dimer (microg/dl) and vWF (%) in LPS group (1.680 +/- 0.999 and 7.288 +/- 0.652) as significantly higher than that in normal control group (0.66 +/- 0.772 and 3.656 +/- 1.407), P < 0.05. After HC treatment, the disorder of coagulation was attenuated to different degree. However, significant difference was found between HD, MD groups and shock group only in the count of PLT (P = 0.000), and there were no significant differences between HD, MD groups and shock group in the other three indices. Significant improvements were found in LD group (P < 0.05) in all the four indices and there were no significant differences between LD group and normal group in D-dimer and vWF. The effects of medium-dose HC was between LD and HD groups, and there were no significant differences between HD and MD group, P > 0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results indicated that different doses of HC had different effects on coagulation in early stage of septic shock in rats. Low-dose HC may ameliorate the disorder of coagulation in early septic shock in rats. High-dose and medium-dose of HC had no significant improving effects on the disorder of coagulation.</p>

Changes of serum neuron specific enolase in rats with septic shock / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of serum neuron specific enolase in rats with septic shock.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of septic shock was set up by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from Escherichia coil O55: B5) at a dose of 25 mg/kg through femoral vein. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group (LPS was substituted by same volume of normal saline solution) and septic shock group. Six hours after the septic shock model formed, whole blood was taken for measuring the serum neuron specific enolase (NSE). The brains of the rats were taken for histopathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum NSE of septic shock group was significantly higher than that of control group [(10.0781 +/- 0.526) microg/L vs. (3.7188 +/- 0.602) microg/L, P < 0.05]. Neurons were severely damaged 6 hours after injection of LPS. Neuronal necrosis and the damage of blood-brain barrier were seen by light and electron microscope in septic shock group but not in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NSE in serum increased when septic encephalopathy occurred, which indicated that NSE might become a marker of neural damage in septic shock.</p>